Review on genetic-environmental interaction (GxE) and its application in crop breeding

Interactions between genotype and environment are a crucial component to investigate in plant breeding. In order identify those with specific or stable adaptability place, breeders routinely test desirable lines hybrids variety of situations. Most quantitative traits, including yield, height, thousand seed weight, other essential exhibit GXE interactions. conversations vital the development assessment crop varieties because they lower requirements for genotypic stability environments. advance cultivars, large percentage assessments impact on results have relied multi-environmental field testing that depicts target production Gene-environmental interaction its Applications reviewed this paper. The acceptable pressures climate change numerous stresses, tolerance/resistance significant abiotic biotic factors, advancement social ability final poignant targets breeding constantly strives achieve.